Reflux and Upper GI Conditions
Reflux and upper gastrointestinal conditions are common causes of symptoms such as heartburn, chest discomfort, swallowing difficulties and upper abdominal pain. These symptoms can arise from the oesophagus, stomach or upper digestive tract and may vary in severity from mild and intermittent to persistent and disruptive.
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Many upper GI symptoms can be effectively managed once the underlying cause is identified.
Common Symptoms
• Heartburn or burning discomfort in the chest
• Acid reflux or regurgitation
• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• A sensation of food getting stuck when swallowing
• Upper abdominal discomfort or pain
• Nausea or indigestion
• Persistent cough or throat irritation
Symptoms may worsen after meals, when lying down, or with certain foods and drinks.
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What Causes Reflux and Upper GI Symptoms
Several conditions can cause reflux or upper gastrointestinal symptoms.
• Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
• Hiatus hernia
• Inflammation of the oesophagus (oesophagitis)
• Functional dyspepsia (indigestion without structural disease)
• Peptic ulcer disease
• Eosinophilic oesophagitis
• Disorders of swallowing or oesophageal motility
Lifestyle factors such as diet, alcohol intake, weight and stress can also influence symptoms.
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How Are These Conditions Diagnosed
Diagnosis usually begins with a careful clinical assessment and may involve investigations depending on symptoms.
• Upper endoscopy (gastroscopy) to examine the oesophagus and stomach
• Biopsies of the oesophagus or stomach when needed
• Imaging or functional tests of swallowing
• Blood tests in selected situations
These tests help identify inflammation, structural abnormalities or other underlying causes.
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Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the specific diagnosis and severity of symptoms.
• Dietary and lifestyle changes
• Medications that reduce stomach acid
• Treatments to improve oesophageal motility
• Management of inflammation in the oesophagus
• Monitoring and treatment of complications where necessary
Most patients experience significant improvement once the underlying cause is identified and treated appropriately.
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When to See a Specialist
You should consider seeing a gastroenterologist if:
• Difficulty swallowing
• Food becoming stuck when swallowing
• Unexplained weight loss
• Persistent vomiting
• Ongoing heartburn despite treatment
• Bleeding or black stools
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If you are experiencing ongoing digestive symptoms, consultation can help clarify the diagnosis and develop a personalised management plan.
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Appointments are available in Bondi Junction, Darlinghurst and Wagga Wagga.
To arrange a consultation please contact the rooms.
Phone: (02) 8382 6450